🧪 MATERIAL GUIDE

About PVC

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used thermoplastic materials in industrial piping and fluid handling systems. Learn about its properties, types, and why it is the material of choice for corrosive environments.

PVC Ductwork fabricated by Harrison Machine & Plastic
Explore Properties

What Is PVC?

The most widely specified thermoplastic in industrial piping

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) is a synthetic thermoplastic polymer made from vinyl chloride monomers. It contains approximately 57% chlorine by mass, which gives it inherent flame retardancy and outstanding resistance to most acids, bases, and aqueous solutions. At Harrison Machine & Plastic, we fabricate PVC into ducts, fittings, tanks, and custom components for industrial environments where chemical exposure and durability are paramount.

Types of PVC

Harrison fabricates with all major PVC grades

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uPVC (Rigid PVC)

Type I, Grade I

Unplasticized PVC — the standard for industrial pipe, duct, and fittings. Excellent chemical resistance up to 140°F. Most cost-effective thermoplastic for corrosive environments.

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CPVC

Chlorinated PVC

Post-chlorinated PVC with a higher service temperature of 200°F. Same outstanding chemical resistance as uPVC, preferred for hot process lines and Corzan® duct systems.

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Flexible PVC

Plasticized

PVC with added plasticizers for flexibility. Used in drainage hose, wire insulation, and gasket material. Lower chemical resistance than rigid grades.

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PVDF (Kynar®)

High-Performance

Not technically PVC, but a fluoropolymer alternative offering superior chemical resistance up to 275°F. Ideal for ultra-pure, semiconductor, and pharmaceutical applications.

Key Properties of PVC

Why engineers specify PVC for demanding industrial applications

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Chemical Resistance

Excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, salts, and most organic solvents. Ideal for chemical processing, plating, and water treatment.

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Mechanical Strength

Tensile strength of 7,000–7,500 psi with a flexural modulus of 400,000–480,000 psi. Maintains rigidity under sustained loads.

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Flame Retardancy

Self-extinguishing (UL 94 V-0). The high chlorine content inhibits combustion, making PVC suitable for fume exhaust and building applications.

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Moisture Resistance

Virtually zero water absorption. PVC does not swell, warp, or delaminate in wet or submerged service conditions.

Electrical Insulation

High dielectric strength and volume resistivity. Used extensively in electrical conduit and wire/cable jacketing.

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Dimensional Stability

Low coefficient of thermal expansion. PVC retains its shape across a wide range of temperatures, ensuring reliable fit in fabricated systems.

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Machinability

Easily cut, drilled, turned, and welded. Harrison's CNC machining and hot-gas welding capabilities produce precise custom components.

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Cost Effectiveness

Among the most economical engineering thermoplastics. Low material and fabrication costs compared to metals, fiberglass, or high-performance polymers.

Chemical Resistance — What PVC Handles

PVC is resistant to a broad range of industrial chemicals

🧪Dilute & Conc. Acids
🔴Alkalis & Bases
🟤Salts & Brines
⚗️Aliphatic Solutions
🔵Oxidizing Agents
🟡Halogens
💧Water & Wastewater
🌊Seawater & Brine
🧫Most Inorganic Fumes
🏭Industrial Gases
🪣Detergents & Soaps
🔬Plating Solutions

⚠️ Always consult a chemical resistance chart for your specific fluid and concentration before material selection.

Physical Properties — Rigid PVC (Type I, Grade I)

Typical values per ASTM D1784 Cell Class 12454

Property Value Standard
Specific Gravity1.38 – 1.45 g/cm³ASTM D792
Tensile Strength7,000 – 7,500 psiASTM D638
Flexural Modulus400,000 – 480,000 psiASTM D790
Izod Impact Strength0.4 – 1.0 ft·lb/inASTM D256
Hardness (Rockwell)R110 – R120ASTM D785
Max Service Temp.140°F (60°C)
Thermal Conductivity0.11 – 0.17 W/m·K
FlammabilitySelf-Extinguishing (V-0)UL 94
Chemical Formula(CH₂CHCl)n
Chlorine Content~57% by mass

PVC vs. Other Thermoplastics

How PVC compares for industrial fluid handling

PVC (uPVC)

  • Excellent chemical resistance
  • Up to 140°F service temp
  • Most cost-effective option
  • NSF-61 potable water certified
  • Lightweight & easy to install

CPVC

  • Higher temp rating (200°F)
  • Same chemical resistance
  • Moderate cost premium
  • Hot water & process lines
  • Seamless extrusion available

Polypropylene (PP)

  • Good chemical resistance
  • Up to 180°F service temp
  • Lower density than PVC
  • Not flame-retardant
  • Good for oxidizing acids

PVDF (Kynar®)

  • Superior chemical resistance
  • Up to 275°F service temp
  • Ultra-pure / semiconductor
  • Highest cost option
  • Excellent UV resistance

Typical Applications

Chemical Processing
Water Treatment
Wastewater Systems
Semiconductor Manufacturing
Industrial Fume Exhaust
Aquaculture & Aquariums
Mining
Electroplating
Landfill Leachate
Laboratories
Food & Beverage
Irrigation Systems
Swimming Pools & Spas
Pharmaceutical

Need Help Selecting the Right Material?

Harrison's technical team can help you choose between PVC, CPVC, PP, and PVDF for your specific application

Contact Harrison Engineers